![]() ![]() It has also been hypothesized that some savants operate by directly accessing deep, unfiltered information that exists in all human brains that is not normally available to conscious awareness. Also, the attention to detail of savants is a consequence of enhanced perception or sensory hypersensitivity in these unique individuals. Hyper-systemizing is an extreme state in the empathizing–systemizing theory that classifies people based on their skills in empathizing with others versus systemizing facts about the external world. Another hypothesis is that savants hyper-systemize, thereby giving an impression of talent. It has been suggested that individuals with autism are biased towards detail-focused processing and that this cognitive style predisposes individuals either with or without autism to savant talents. No widely accepted cognitive theory explains savants' combination of talent and deficit. Calendrical savants, on the other hand, may not be prone to invest in socially engaging skills. The rarity of human calendar calculators is possibly due to the lack of motivation to develop such skills among the general population, although mathematicians have developed formulas that allow them to obtain similar skills. Calendrical savants Ī calendrical savant (or calendar savant) is someone who – despite having an intellectual disability – can name the day of the week of a date, or vice versa, on a limited range of decades or certain millennia. It is estimated that up to 10% of those with autism have some form of savant abilities. Īpproximately half of savants are autistic the other half often have some form of central nervous system injury or disease. Advanced memory is the key "superpower" in savant abilities. The most common kinds of savants are calendrical savants, "human calendars" who can calculate the day of the week for any given date with speed and accuracy, or recall personal memories from any given date. Savant skills are usually found in one or more of five major areas: art, memory, arithmetic, musical abilities, and spatial skills. Venice by British artistic savant Stephen Wiltshire It is estimated that there are fewer than a hundred prodigious savants, with skills so extraordinary that they would be considered spectacular even for a non-impaired person, currently living. Among those with autism, 1 in 10 to 1 in 200 have savant syndrome to some degree. The first medical account of the condition was in 1783. The condition affects more males than females, at a ratio of 6:1. Savant syndrome is estimated to affect around one in a million people. It is not recognized as a mental disorder within the DSM-5, as it relates to parts of the brain healing or restructuring. While the condition usually becomes apparent in childhood, some cases develop later in life. About half of cases are associated with autism, and these individuals may be known as "autistic savants". Those with the condition generally have a neurodevelopmental disorder such as autism spectrum disorder or have a brain injury. Usually, only one exceptional skill is present. This may include rapid calculation, artistic ability, map making, or musical ability. The skills that savants excel at are generally related to memory. Savant syndrome ( / s æ ˈ v ɑː n t, s ə ˈ v ɑː n t, ˈ s æ v ə n t/) is a phenomenon, sometimes following recovery from brain damage, that can create a condition in which someone despite often having significant mental disabilities demonstrates certain abilities far in excess of average. Neurodevelopmental disorder such as autism spectrum disorder, brain injury General mental disability with certain abilities far in excess of average ![]() Kim Peek, the savant who was the inspiration for the main character in the movie Rain Man Autistic savant, idiot savant (historical) ![]()
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